What is Malware and why you must Protect your Business from it

Malware presents itself across several methods and these include the following.

The Ten Types of Malware

1. Viruses: The most common form of Malware, a virus, is a self-contained piece of software with a set of instructions that it will execute alongside or within another legitimate process. The aim would be to run malicious activity to steal then, disrupt or hijack your device or service.

2. Ransomware: Probably the most destructive of Malware; it is the go-to method for hackers to spread chaos and obtain monies. The Malware usually downloads and installs on the victim’s device and then begins to search and encrypt all files. Once this has been completed, the victim will be shown a ransom demand for payment (usually in cryptocurrency such as Bitcoin). Failure to do so will mean all files will remain encrypted.

3. Rootkits: These are a collection of programs that work together to provide remote access to hackers. The term is used as its always a kit of applications that embed itself in the operating system and work across each other; thus making them harder to detect.

4. Scareware: Usually, popup windows appear from a browser that will attempt to scare you into thinking your device is unsafe or has been hacked. The hackers will then create a sense of urgency and fear to encourage you to call a number or click on something that could also introduce other threats.

5. Worms: Less common now; but can still be part of a wider attacked from advanced cyber-hackers. Worms are placed on a device which then look to exploit weakness and then spread across the network. They are self-aware and self-contained and can spread very slowly, which makes them harder to detect.

6. Spyware: Prevalent across older operating systems and is continuously being updated; spyware aims to lay dormant and log activity on your device for keystrokes, data access and browsing habits. It will then intermittently send this information to the hacker.

7. Trojans: Very active as a cyber-threat and are downloaded alongside, what appears to be, harmless software or website. The trojans aim is to steal data, disrupt the device from working properly or spy on activities to then report back.

8. Adware / Malvertising: Another popular method for hackers to exploit. Adware is generally installed alongside applications as an add-on and can present sales opportunities to the user. The challenge has been that hackers can now place adverts to victims that create fear and panic.

9. File Less Malware: The most common type would be macros in documents. File less Malware embeds itself in a word document and then executes within it to disrupt the device. It generally lays dormant and collects information OR adds registry changes to the device, allowing other attacks to continue. 

 10. Crypto-jacking: A more recent addition to the hacker’ arsenal, crypto-jacking involves some code running on the victim’s device that then consumes the devices CPU and memory to essentially mine cryptocurrency. 

As you can see – Malware can present itself in many forms and with the sole intention of disrupting your business. Being aware of these attack vectors and types is key to then building a robust cybersecurity strategy.